In book: Toward a Science of Clinical Psychology (pp.377-394)

Chapter PDF Available

The Recovered Memory Debate: Wins, Losses, and Creating Future Open-Minded Skeptics

  • January 2023

DOI:10.1007/978-3-031-14332-8_19

  • In book: Toward a Science of Clinical Psychology (pp.377-394)

Authors:

Lawrence Patihis

Henry Otgaar

Steven Jay Lynn

Elizabeth F Loftus

Richard J. McNally

Abstract and Figures

Scott O. Lilienfeld was among the most influential clinical psychological scientists, avid promoters of psychological science, and stalwart and effective critics of pseudoscience in our time. We describe the role that Lilienfeld and other skeptical scientists played in the so-called “memory wars” that spanned more than three decades and continue to the present time. We outline the salient wins and losses for scientific skepticism in this debate regarding repressed and recovered memories of trauma, and we highlight the need for open, unfettered scientific inquiry, and free speech in academia and the broader psychological community. Such safeguards are vital for encouraging both young and established psychological scientists’ willingness to tackle controversial topics including dissociative amnesia and repressed memories. Wins include widespread dissemination of cautions regarding repressed and recovered memories and positive changes in clinical practices, whereas losses include the uncritical inclusion of dissociative amnesia and dissociative identity disorder in influential diagnostic manuals, the motte-and-bailey technique to undermine skeptical perspectives, uncritical presentations regarding repressed memories in scientific journals, and non-scientific and problematic media coverage relevant to the debate. Losses imply an ongoing need to encourage the open-minded skepticism, intellectual courage, and epistemic humility that Scott exemplified, and to ensure adequate funding for work that deeply questions unexamined assumptions and controversial issues in psychology.

Dr. Phil Exposes the Flaws & Fallacies of Repressed Memories

Thank you, Dr. Phil for your show:

Sex Abuse and Murder:

A Daughter’s Repressed Memories or Lies?

Air Date  February 17, 2014
Summary:
Tracy says that about three years ago, disturbing memories from her childhood began to surface about sex abuse and murder — involving her mother, Donna, and now-deceased father, Alan. Tracy claims that she and her sister, Kelly, were molested by their father and grandfather, and alleges that Donna killed Kelly’s best friend and buried the girl in their backyard. Donna and Kelly vehemently deny the claims, calling Tracy “delusional.” Emotions run high when Tracy faces her family on Dr. Phil’s stage, including Donna, whom she hasn’t seen or spoken to in more than a year. Is Tracy remembering actual events, or are these fictionalized memories? Plus, don’t miss part two tomorrow, when Donna agrees to take a polygraph test to clear her name. Will Tracy get the answers she’s looking for? This program contains strong sexual content. Viewer discretion advised.
~~~~~~~~
The argument regarding the truth of repressed memories boils down to one question:
Are decade old memories, newly discovered, accurate?

I do not think that repressed memories are lies because a lie is a deliberate attempt to deceive. Repressed memories that erupt decades after an event cannot be 100% accurate as the science of human memory repeatedly shows, and proves in a laboratory, that memories in general are a confabulated rendition of truth, falsehood, and fill-in-the blanks.

I was once caught in a web of repressed memories much like that displayed by the guest on the Dr. Phil show. And like her, my memories grew during therapy and were reinforced by those around me. My decade old memories morphed into a story that, when investigated, were found to be utter nonsense.

I am grateful that the Dr. Phil show educated the public about the controversy that continues to swirl around the veracity of repressed memories. When science and investigations are employed, we have a chance of getting to the truth of these memories. When people are being accused of heinous crimes that never occurred, we have a responsibility to seek the truth and scant memories of events that may or may not have occurred decades earlier are simply not reliable.

The family who told their horror story regarding accusations of murder and sexual assault based on the repressed memories of a family member now have a chance to recover and heal from the toxic psychotherapy that tore at their souls. Science prevails in this case and I wonder how many other families could benefit from evidence rather than dubious memories of wrong doing.

It’s time to pressure the American Psychiatric Association and the American Psychological Association, the two most influential organizations responsible for overseeing mental health care practitioners in the United States, to hold their members accountable for their actions.

When patient’s welfare is sacrificed for theories and beliefs held by the therapist – it’s simply a crime against humanity.

Joan Baez: I am a Noise

A Cautionary Tale: Are the Memories True?

A recent film about singer Joan Baez and repressed memory.

Updated November 6, 2023 | Reviewed by Ray Parker

https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/sex-life-of-the-american-male/202310/when-therapy-harms

KEY POINTS

  • Recovered memory therapy, a discredited therapy, claimed to recover repressed memories.
  • Research finds memory can be manipulated, and we are more susceptible to creating false memories.
  • The documentary “Joan Baez: I Am a Noise” is a cautionary tale.

Emergency Resources

If you’re considering self-harm or suicide, help is available right now:

Dial 988

Within the United States, that number connects directly to trained mental health professionals at the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline. The program, which began July 16, is modeled after the 911 emergency system. It’s meant to be a memorable and quick number that connects people who are suicidal or in any other mental health crisis to a trained mental health professional.

The trained crisis counselors can help people experiencing mental health-related distress such as:

  • thoughts of suicide
  • mental health or substance use crisis
  • any other kind of emotional distress 

People can call or text 988 or chat 988lifeline.org for themselves or if they are worried about someone they know who may need crisis support. 

Veterans can use the number to reach the Veterans Crisis Line by dialing 988 and then pressing 1. Spanish speaking counselors can be reached by pressing 2 after dialing 988. *

Dial Medical Emergency 911

From University of California/Davis Website

Carol Tavris, Ph.D.: How to Spot Pseudoneuroscience and Biobunk

“When it comes to pseudoscience, social psychologist and writer Carol A. Tavris is a self-appointed curmudgeon.”

“I have spent many years lobbing hand grenades at psychobabble — that wonderful assortment of pop psych ideas that permeate our culture in spite of having no means of empirical support,” said Tavris at the 24th APS Annual Convention.“Today, however, we face an even greater challenge because in this era of the medical-pharmaceutical-industrial complex, where psychobabble goes, can biobunk be far behind?””

Carol Tavris is one of the most engaging speakers I’ve heard. Her teaching methods, wit, wisdom, and endless wonder at the absurdities of human nature bring her audiences to laughter frequently. At the end of this post are several lectures you may find enlightening and perspective adjusting.

“Not every aspect of this “biomedical revolution,” as Tavris calls it, is unwelcome. She admitted that she gets very excited about many of these discoveries. What she takes issue with is the perception that biomedical explanations are infallible. Similar to the psychobabble that plagues psychological science, “brainless neuroscience” should be giving the field an image problem, but because most people don’t know how to spot biobunk, they are more willing to accept bad neuroscience findings over good psychological ones.”

Carol Tavris IIG.jpg *

According to Dr. Tavris there are a few surefire ways to spot biobunk:

1. Technomyopia – Technology knows more that I do

2. Murky Methods – Questionable methods are a sure sign of pseudoneuroscience. Statistical problems and artifacts are often hidden behind flashy findings. Imaging studies are one of the most common culprits

3. Rampant Reductionism Be wary of conclusions that seem too neat and simple

4. Neuromarketing – Watch out for hype and overselling. Often “neuromarketers” will hawk impressive sounding devices or treatments to desperate parents, students, and teachers that are backed by questionable science.

More Abaoaut Psychobabble and Brain Silliness

How to Spot Pseudoneuroscience and Biobunk

A Skeptical Look at Pseudoneuroscience  YouTube

Books

Psychoababbly and BioBunk: Using Psychological Science to Think Critically about Popular Psychology, 3rd Edition

Mistakes were Made (But Not by Me):Why We Justify Foolish Beliefs, Bad  Decisions, and Hurtful Acts

The Mismeasure of Woman

Psychology 10th Edition

Invitation to Psychology with DSM-5 Update

Invitition to Psychology 5th Edition

 

*Photo credit unknown, owner please contact blogger at questioningdid@gmail.com so I can offer you the byline.

On Bullshit Psychology

 I enjoy reading essays penned by people who tell it like they see it. Well done article IMHO. JB

“I was going to write this post on ” pop psychology ” but decided that moniker just doesn’t cut it, and the scope is too limited and easy.  What we are referring to when we say “pop psychology” is 99% bullshit.  Not too hard to see that, if you read 50 of those books and your life still sucks .  But for that matter, what passes for “evidence-based” psychology is still probably at least 60% bullshit.  I’m going to go beyond bashing the obvious targets that lard up our bookshelves, the self-help books and so forth.  I want to target much of what clinical psychology that the public encounters eagerly defines itself as.  It’s not “popular” necessarily, but it is awfully self-important and mostly wrong and potentially damaging to the public.  Actually, So let’s call it what it is: Bullshit psychology.

The main premise of bullshit psychology is that there is something wrong with you, and you need psychology to fix what’s wrong with you.  This is the first premise of bullshit.  I want to highlight this premise because all else in bullshit psychology rests on it.  You are broken, we will fix you.  We, the experts, will provide you the information to fix yourself.  Bullshit.”

About Dr. Rinewine

Retrieved 08-12-14, Full Article: Portlandmindful.com